Englische Vokabeln

 Mal was ganz anderes...

Die Sprache der Naturwissenschaftler/innen ist Englisch.

Ich stelle hier einmal ein paar Vokabeln zum Thema Schwingungen zusammen:

pendulum   Pendel

momentum    Impuls

perpendicular   senkrecht

retroactive force    Rücktreibende Kraft

force of weight    Gewichtskraft

gravitational field   Gravitationsfeld

inertia   Trägheit

conservation of energy    Energieerhaltung

drive Schwung

position of rest   Ruhelage

damped oscillation        gedämpfte Schwingung

friction   Reibung

gradient     Steigung

derivative     Ableitung

feedback    Rückkopplung

device    Gerät

driven oscillation  erzwungene Schwingung

Harmonic oszillation  harmonische Schwingung

Phase shift  Phasenverschiebung

Revolution Umdrehung

Restoring force  …rücktreibende Kraft (alternativ)

Spring-mass-system ….Federpendel

The pendulum swings back

Pendulum wird für Fadenpendel verwendet, kein eigener Begriff

A pendulum of length 1m swings/oscillates back and forth (approximately) once every two seconds

Forced oszillation   erzwungene Schwingung

Larger than  >

Approximately  ungefähr

Equal to  =

Resonance  Resonanz

phase of transmission   Zeitpunkt der Übertragung

Zum Üben:

Caused by friction the energy of the oscillator decreases. We observe a damped oscillation with a decreasing amplitude.

To stabilize the amplitude we have to fill up the energy of the oscillator. We need an energy supply and a device which controls the energy flow from the energy supply to the oscillator. Because this device is controlled by the oscillator itself we call it a feedback mechanism:

By a bidrectional coupling between the control device and the oscillator, the oscillator itself controls the energy flow, so that all the energy which has dissipated into the surroundings is filled up at the right moment.

The energy flow is carried by an  flow of momentum, and only in a very special moment the momentum which  flows to the oscillator supports the oscillation, in other moments it weakens the oscillation.

The energy flow is interrupted periodically with the frequency of the oscillation, and so we can compare the feedback mechanism with a self-organised driven oscillation. Energy flow is always combined with the flow of momentum and only the momentum can decrease or increase the amplitude, depending on the phase of transmission, which is produced by the control device.